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During the data encapsulation process, the Data Link layer of the OSI model is responsible for adding a header that contains MAC addressing information and a trailer used for error checking. The header typically includes the source and destination MAC addresses, while the trailer contains a Frame Check Sequence (FCS) which is used for error detection1.

The Data Link layer ensures that messages are delivered to the proper device on a LAN using hardware addresses and translates messages from the Network layer into bits for the Physical layer to transmit. It also controls how data is placed onto the medium and is received from the medium through the physical hardware.

The OSI Model -- The 7 Layers of Networking Explained in Plain English

OSI Model - Network Direction

Which layer adds both header and trailer to the data?

What is OSI Model | 7 Layers Explained - GeeksforGeeks

IPv6 addresses can be compressed by removing leading zeros and replacing consecutive groups of zeros with a double colon (::). Here's how to compress the address 2001:0db8:0000:0016:0000:001b:2000:0056:

Remove leading zeros from each segment:

2001:db8:0000:0016:0000:001b:2000:0056 becomes 2001:db8:0:16:0:1b:2000:56

Replace the longest sequence of consecutive zeros with a double colon (::). In this case, the two consecutive zeros between the 16 and 1b:

2001:db8:0:16::1b:2000:56

Thus, the most compressed valid format of the IPv6 address is 2001:db8:0:16::1b:2000:56.

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IPv6 Addressing (Cisco)

The primary purpose of assigning an IP address to the management VLAN interface on a Layer 2 switch is to facilitate remote management of the switch. By configuring an IP address on the management VLAN, network administrators can access the switch's Command Line Interface (CLI) remotely using protocols such as Telnet or Secure Shell (SSH). This allows for convenient configuration changes, monitoring, and troubleshooting without needing physical access to the switch1.

* Understanding the Management VLAN

* Cisco - VLAN Configuration Guide

* Remote Management of Switches

Assigning an IP address to the management VLAN interface (often the VLAN 1 interface by default) on a Layer 2 switch allows network administrators to remotely manage the switch using protocols such as Telnet or SSH. This IP address does not affect the switch's ability to route traffic between VLANs but provides a means to access and configure the switch through its Command Line Interface (CLI).

* A: The switch does not act as a default gateway; this is typically a function of a Layer 3 device like a router.

* B: The switch does not resolve URLs; this is typically a function of DNS servers.

* C: The switch can relay DHCP requests but does not typically provide DHCP services itself; this is usually done by a dedicated DHCP server or router.

Thus, the correct answer is D. To enable access to the CLI on the switch through Telnet or SSH.

* Cisco VLAN Management Overview

* Cisco Catalyst Switch Management

When devices within a VLAN are unable to reach addresses outside their VLAN, it typically indicates that they do not have a configured path to external networks. The engineer should configure a default gateway for VLAN2. The default gateway is the IP address of the router's interface that is connected to the VLAN, which will route traffic from the VLAN to other networks12.

* Understanding and Configuring VLAN Routing and Bridging on a Router Using the IRB Feature

* VLAN 2 not able to ping gateway - Cisco Community

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* VLANs: Virtual Local Area Networks (VLANs) logically segment network traffic to improve security and performance. Devices within the same VLAN can communicate directly.

* Default Gateway: For devices in VLAN2 to communicate with devices outside their VLAN, they need a default gateway configured. The default gateway is typically a router or Layer 3 switch that routes traffic between different VLANs and subnets.

* Additional VLAN: Not needed in this scenario as the issue is related to routing traffic outside VLAN2, not creating another VLAN.

* Default Route: While a default route on the router may be necessary, the primary issue for devices within VLAN2 is to have a configured default gateway.

* Static Route: This is used on routers to manually specify routes to specific networks but does not address the need for a default gateway on the client devices.

* Cisco VLAN Configuration Guide: Cisco VLAN Configuration

* Understanding and Configuring VLANs: VLANs Guide

* Statement B: 'The same default gateway IPv4 address is configured on each host on the local network.' This is true because all hosts on the same local network (subnet) use the same default gateway IP address to send packets destined for other networks.

* Statement D: 'The default gateway is the IPv4 address of the router interface connected to the same local network as the host.' This is true because the default gateway is the IP address of the router's interface that is directly connected to the local network.

* Statement A: 'The IPv4 address of the default gateway must be the first host address in the subnet.' This is not necessarily true. The default gateway can be any address within the subnet range.

* Statement C: 'The default gateway is the Loopback0 interface IPv4 address of the router connected to the same local network as the host.' This is not true; the default gateway is the IP address of the router's physical or logical interface connected to the local network.

* Statement E: 'Hosts learn the default gateway IPv4 address through router advertisement messages.' This is generally true for IPv6 with Router Advertisement (RA) messages, but not typically how IPv4 hosts learn the default gateway address.

* Cisco Default Gateway Configuration: Cisco Default Gateway