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The questions for NSE7_NST-7.2 were last updated on Nov 20, 2024.
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Exhibit.
Refer to the exhibit, which contains the partial output of the get vpn ipsec tunnel details command. Based on the output, which two statements are correct? (Choose two.)
Anti-replay Enabled:
The exhibit shows replay: enabled, which confirms that anti-replay is enabled for this IPsec tunnel. Anti-replay is a security feature that prevents replay attacks by ensuring that packets are not duplicated or reused.
NPU Acceleration:
The NPU acceleration: encryption (outbound) decryption (inbound) line indicates that Network Processing Unit (NPU) acceleration is used.
The npu_flag for this tunnel is 02. This indicates that encryption and decryption are handled by the NPU, improving the performance of the VPN tunnel.
Fortinet Documentation: Verifying IPsec VPN Tunnels (Fortinet Docs) (Fortinet Docs).
Which two statements about conserve mode are true? (Choose two.)
Conserve Mode Activation:
FortiGate enters conserve mode to prevent system crashes when the memory usage reaches critical levels. The 'red threshold' is the point at which FortiGate starts dropping new sessions to conserve memory.
When the system memory usage exceeds this threshold, the FortiGate will block new sessions that require significant memory resources, such as those needing content inspection.
Exiting Conserve Mode:
The 'green threshold' is the memory usage level below which FortiGate exits conserve mode and resumes normal operation.
Once the system memory usage drops below this threshold, FortiGate will start allowing new sessions again.
Refer to the exhibit, which shows the output of get router info ospf neighbor.
What can you conclude from the command output?
Understanding OSPF Roles:
In OSPF (Open Shortest Path First), routers can have different roles: Designated Router (DR), Backup Designated Router (BDR), and DROther. These roles help manage and optimize the OSPF network traffic.
DR and BDR are elected to minimize the number of adjacencies and reduce the amount of routing information exchange.
DROther routers are neither DR nor BDR but can still participate in the OSPF network by maintaining adjacencies with DR and BDR.
Analyzing the Exhibit:
The exhibit shows the OSPF neighbor states for the local FortiGate.
Neighbor ID 0.0.0.1 is in the state Full/DR (Designated Router).
Neighbor ID 0.0.0.3 is in the state Full/DROther (DROther).
Neighbor ID 0.0.0.10 has no specific designation, implying it is neither DR nor BDR.
Conclusion:
Since the local FortiGate shows neighbors in Full/DR and Full/DROther states and itself does not have a state of DROther, it can be concluded that the local FortiGate is not a DROther.
Fortinet Documentation: OSPF neighbor states and elections (Fortinet Docs).
Refer to the exhibit.
FortiGate has already been configured with a firewall policy that allows all ICMP traffic to flow from port1 to port3.
Which changes must the administrator perform to ensure the server at 10.4.0.1/24 receives the echo reply from the laptop at 10.1.0.1/24?
Current Configuration Analysis:
The firewall policy currently allows ICMP traffic from port1 to port3, enabling the ICMP echo request to reach the server.
However, for the server to send an ICMP echo reply back to the laptop, the traffic must be allowed from port3 to port1.
Required Configuration:
To ensure the server at 10.4.0.1/24 can send the ICMP echo reply back to the laptop at 10.1.0.1/24, the administrator needs to configure a new firewall policy.
The policy must explicitly allow ICMP traffic from port3 to port1.
Steps to Configure:
Access the FortiGate configuration interface.
Navigate to the Firewall Policy section.
Create a new policy allowing ICMP traffic from port3 to port1.
Save and apply the new policy to ensure bidirectional ICMP traffic is permitted.
Fortinet Network Security 7.2 Support Engineer Documentation
FortiGate Firewall Policy Configuration Guides
Which statement about IKE and IKE NAT-T is true?
IKE (Internet Key Exchange): IKE is a protocol used to set up a security association (SA) in the IPsec protocol suite. It is utilized to negotiate, create, and manage SAs.
NAT-T (Network Address Translation-Traversal): NAT-T is used to enable IPsec VPN traffic to pass through NAT devices. It encapsulates IPsec ESP packets into UDP packets.
Transport Protocol: Both IKE and IKE NAT-T use UDP as their transport protocol.
Port Numbers: By default, IKE uses UDP port 500. NAT-T typically uses UDP port 4500. However, these port numbers can be configured as needed.
Fortinet Network Security Support Engineer Study Guide for FortiOS 7.2 (Fortinet Docs) (ebin.pub).
Fortinet Documentation on IPsec VPN Configuration (Fortinet Docs).
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