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The questions for H12-821_V1.0 were last updated on Jan 20, 2025.
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Multiple BGP processes cannot be configured on the same router.
On Huawei devices, multiple BGP processes can be configured on the same router, but they are typically used for specific use cases such as multi-instance deployments or virtual routers. This flexibility is supported by Huawei's routing protocols .
Four routers run ISIS and have established adjacencies. The area IDs and router levels are marked in the following figure. If route leaking is configured on R3, which of the following is the cost of the route from R4 to 10.0.2.2/32?
In the given topology, the route from R4 to 10.0.2.2/32 traverses R3, which performs route leaking from Level-2 to Level-1. The cost is calculated as follows: R4 to R3 (40) + R3 to R2 (10) + R2 to the destination (30), resulting in a total cost of 80 .
Which of the following attacks is not the network layer attack?
ARP spoofing is a Layer 2 attack, as it targets ARP tables in switches or end devices. All other attacks, including IP spoofing, ICMP attacks, and Smurf attacks, are network layer (Layer 3) attacks .
By default, a router interface sends PIM Hello messages at an interval of __________ seconds.
By default, a router interface sends PIM (Protocol Independent Multicast) Hello messages every 30 seconds to maintain neighbor relationships. This interval can be adjusted using configuration commands .
On an IS-IS network, routers send LSPs to exchange link state information. LSPs are classified into Level-1 LSPs and Level-2 LSPs and have the same format. Which of the following parts constitute the LSP ID in an LSP?
IS-IS Overview: Intermediate System to Intermediate System (IS-IS) is a link-state routing protocol. Routers exchange Link State Packets (LSPs) to maintain a synchronized link-state database. These LSPs are categorized into Level-1 LSPs (intra-area routing) and Level-2 LSPs (inter-area routing). Both types share the same packet format.
LSP ID Format: The LSP ID uniquely identifies each LSP and ensures accurate routing information. It comprises the following components:
System ID (C): A 6-byte identifier assigned to each router, derived from the router's NET (Network Entity Title). This identifier ensures unique identification of routers within the IS-IS domain.
Pseudonode ID (B): Assigned when a router acts as a Designated Intermediate System (DIS) on a broadcast network. It differentiates LSPs generated by the DIS from other routers.
LSP Number (A): A 1-byte field indicating the sequence number of the LSP. It helps distinguish multiple LSPs generated by the same router for the same level.
IS Type Exclusion:
IS Type (D) is not part of the LSP ID itself. It is a field within the IS-IS PDU that indicates the type of Intermediate System (Level-1, Level-2, or both) but does not contribute to the composition of the LSP ID.
Conclusion: The LSP ID in IS-IS consists of System ID, Pseudonode ID, and LSP Number. These components uniquely identify each LSP within the IS-IS domain.
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