Most Recent iSQI CTFL_Syll2018 Exam Dumps

Functional testing is an example of black-box dynamic testing. Functional testing is the process of testing the functionality or behavior of a software system based on its requirements or specifications. Functional testing does not require any knowledge of the internal structure or implementation of the system under test; it only focuses on what the system does rather than how it does it. Functional testing is also an example of dynamic testing because it involves executing the software system with selected inputs and observing its outputs and effects on the environment. Dynamic testing is different from static testing, which involves examining the software system without executing it, such as code inspection, static analysis, etc. You can find more information about functional testing and dynamic testing inA Study Guide to the ISTQB Foundation Level 2018 Syllabus, Chapter 21.

Metrics are quantitative measures that can be used to monitor and control various aspects of software testing processes and products1.Metrics can be used to monitor progress along with test preparation and execution by providing information about the status of testing activities, such as test planning, test design, test execution, test evaluation, defect management, etc1. Among the options given in this question, only C is a suitable metric for monitoring progress along with test preparation and execution.The failure rate in testing already completed is a metric that measures how many tests have failed out of the total number of tests executed1.This metric can indicate the quality of the software product under test and the effectiveness of the test cases1.It can also help to identify areas that need more attention or improvement in testing1. Therefore, this metric can be used to monitor progress along with test preparation and execution.

Product risk analysis is an approach to testing that aims to reduce the level of product risks and inform stakeholders of their status, starting in the initial stages of a project1.It involves the identification of product risks and the use of risk levels to guide the test process1.Product risks are uncertain situations that can affect the quality or value of the software product2.One of the factors that can influence the testing approach is the test design technique to be applied3.Test design techniques are methods to derive and select test cases based on the test objectives, test conditions, and test basis2.Decision table testing is a test design technique that is suitable for testing complex business rules that have logical conditions and outcomes2.Therefore, if the product risk analysis identifies that the complex business rules could result in costly failures, then decision table testing will be used for test case design to cover all the possible combinations of conditions and outcomes2.

The other options are not examples of how product risk analysis can influence the testing approach, because they are either not related to product risks or not based on risk levels. They are:

Performance failures were much lower than expected, so more test analysis will be conducted in this area (B).This is not related to product risk analysis, but to test monitoring and control, which is the process of comparing actual progress against the plan and reporting the status2.Test analysis is the activity of analyzing the test basis and defining test objectives2. If the performance failures were much lower than expected, then more test execution or evaluation might be needed, not more test analysis.

There is a lack of automation skills in the test team, so training for the automation tool will be rolled out .This is not related to product risk analysis, but to test management, which is the process of planning, monitoring, and controlling the test activities and resources2.Test automation is the use of software to perform or support test activities2.The lack of automation skills in the test team is a project risk, not a product risk, and it should be addressed by providing adequate training, tools, and resources for the test team2.

There are no product risks recorded around security, so security testing will be given priority as a contingency measure (D). This is not based on risk levels, but on the absence of risk identification, which is a poor practice in product risk analysis.Security testing is a type of testing that determines whether the software protects data and maintains functionality as intended2.Product risk analysis should identify the potential security risks and assign them appropriate risk levels based on their probability and impact1.Security testing should be prioritized based on the risk levels, not on the lack of risk identification, which could lead to overlooking or underestimating the security risks1.

ISTQB Foundation Level 2018 syllabus

Risk in Software Testing

Risk-Based Testing

Test Approach

State transition testing is the most suitable test technique for this situation. State transition testing is a technique that uses scenarios based on state diagrams to test the behavior of a system or component that can change its state in response to events or inputs. A state diagram is a graphical representation of the states that a system or component can be in, the events or inputs that can trigger a change of state (transitions), and the actions or outputs that can occur as a result of a change of state. In this case, the vending machine for light drinks can be modeled as a state diagram with states such as ''idle'', ''coins inserted'', ''drink selected'', ''drink dispensed'', ''change returned'', ''sold out'', etc., and transitions triggered by events such as ''button pressed'', ''coins inserted'', ''drink dispensed'', ''change returned'', etc. State transition testing can help design test cases that cover all the possible states and transitions of the vending machine and verify its functionality and usability.

Having an independent test function in an organisation can improve defect finding during reviews and testing, because independent testers can provide a different perspective and have less bias than developers or other stakeholders.Independent testers can also focus on testing activities without being influenced by development pressures or deadlines12. The other options are not valid reasons for having an independent test function. Option B is more related to code reviews, which can be done by developers themselves or by peers. Option C is not beneficial, because communication between developers and testers is essential for effective testing and defect resolution.Option D is not directly related to the test function, but to the test management and reporting processes12.